Hallo!
In general, and not noting rare or rarer exceptions...
As it left the arsenal.... the barrel carries the date of its manufacture. Those that pass through the manufacturing system are viewed and proofed. If passing, they are stamped "V" for Viewed, "P" for passing proof charges, and then an eaglehead denoting acceptance on the part of the government for use in service. The "V, P, Eaglehead" stamps will vary over time as they wear out and are replaced. Plus they can vary between Springfield and Harpers Ferry.
The date on the barrel ideally, normally matches the date on the lock plate. In brief... except for a limited number that might be a December made lock with uneven production running into January before they are used up and the next year's ones rematch again. They may not match when one or the other has been replaced due to say damage or even battlefield "injuries' to the gun. And last but not least they may be mismatched by dealers and sellers who swap them out.
For example, a well known collector here in town is "infamous" for making the guns he sells 'better" by swapping parts so they can bring a higher price. Especially from those that do not know or who do not see or perceive mistmached pieces/parts with different age, patina, wear, color, etc. than others around them on the same gun.
Curt
Curt Schmidt
Formerly 17 years a Sherman's Bodyguard
Married to a descendant of Senator John Sherman's wife
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